Alley of martyrs in Baku history. Nagorny Park and Alley of Martyrs. Şəhidlər Xiyabanı – Alley of Martyrs

On the site of the Alley of Martyrs there used to be a Muslim cemetery where the bodies of the victims of the March events were buried. Soon, the Bolsheviks who came to power destroyed this cemetery, removing the buried bodies from there, and created a park in this place named after the Bolshevik commissar of Transcaucasia Sergei Kirov.

Events of 1990

After the bloody events on the night of January 19–20, 1990, the bodies of the murdered people were transferred to this “Upland Park.” On January 20 and 21, more than 120 graves were dug in the alley. Starting from noon, the bodies of those killed on the shoulders of citizens from Azadlig Square (Azerb. Azadlıq meydanı - “freedom square”, former “square of the 11th Red Army”) were moved to the Alley and buried with full honors. The funeral lasted 5 hours. On January 22, 51 more victims were buried. Three of them were victims of the March 1918 massacre, found in the park while digging up graves. On all three graves it is written "Martyrs of 1918". The last to be buried was an unknown 25-year-old murdered man, on whose grave was written “Unknown.”

Flowers were placed on the graves and places of death, mostly red carnations, which have become a mourning flower in Azerbaijan.

Memory

On January 17, 2000, President of the Republic of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev issued a decree “On conferring an honorary title "Martyr of January 20"", which provides a complete list of the dead and missing.

Honored guests of Baku usually visit the Alley of Martyrs.

Notable Facts

• On October 7, 2009, an article was posted on one of the Armenian information resources (www.news.am) talking about “the opening of a memorial to fallen heroes in one of the Karabakh villages.” However, according to the Azerbaijani media, falsification was committed in the transfer of information - a photograph of the Alley of Martyrs in Baku was used in the article.

Notes

see also

• Black January
• List of victims of the Black January tragedy

The word "shahid" is alarming. In my mind it is associated with terrorists and religious fanatics. As a rule, suicide bombers are called this word, and even explosives are called “suicide belts.” Seeing an unexpected object on the city map, I almost choked. Of course, I went to Nagorny Park to see what this alley was like.

Alley of Martyrs is a cemetery where victims of Black January and those killed during the Karabakh War are buried. “Black January” is called January 1990, or rather the events of the night from the 19th to the 20th, when Soviet troops were brought into Baku. The political opposition held rallies and escalated the situation, all this against the background of the Karabakh conflict and the Armenian pogroms. The situation escalated to the limit, and it was decided to stop it by force. As a result of the clash, 126 Azerbaijanis were killed. They were buried as heroes of the struggle for independence on the Alley of Martyrs in Nagorny Park. At that time it was called Kirov Park. I created a navia address for this place - https://naviaddress.com/994/949393

Memorial. An eternal flame burns inside.

Since the park is located on a mountain, the Alley of Martyrs is located in terraces. There are three, four or five of these “floors”.

Shahid is a martyr who accepted death, fighting in the name of Allah, defending his faith, homeland, honor, family. Chairman of the Council of Muftis of Russia Ravil Gainutdin has repeatedly criticized the use of the term “martyr” in relation to terrorists. This is incorrect and aimed at discrediting Islam. Hence the confusion in the public consciousness.

My next goal is the TV tower. Its height is 310 meters. Construction began in 1979. However, the facility turned into a long-term construction project. As a result, they finished only in 1996.

I climbed to the top level of the cemetery. I found some Soviet ruins.

It turned out that I walked around the cemetery and went down the other side. There is an eternal flame in the form of a torch and the state flag of Azerbaijan.

Shahidlyar Mosque and upper funicular station

I noticed another memorial, I went to look

It turned out that this is a memorial to the memory of Turkish soldiers who died in the battle for Baku in 1918

Monument to twice Hero of the Soviet Union General Azi Aslanov

Flame Towers skyscrapers are the tallest buildings in Azerbaijan. . I had hopes that you could enter it and maybe even have an observation deck, but there is a fence around the complex and the buildings look uninhabited.

The television tower stands on a nearby mountain. The places are deserted, public transport does not go there. I walked along the road past the closed territory of the television company, then through a construction site. I was beginning to think that there wasn’t even a viewing platform there.

At first I went the wrong way. A kind uncle stopped me and said that they wouldn’t let me into the television center. Like, follow the road down, the entrance to the TV tower is there. On the way I met a security guard, he went nuts and even crawled out of his booth. Apparently single girls don't go there often. In fact, most people arrive there by taxi or in their own car. The guard said that there was an observation deck, you need to go into the restaurant and take the elevator.

I went into the restaurant. But it was not there. They just didn't let me in. They said that you can get into the restaurant by reservation and that they generally have a deposit. There is simply no observation deck.

She left without a slurp. She was actually very angry. This is a lantern for the specialized community. And this is the navia address for the tower and restaurant - https://naviaddress.com/994/931791

I returned back a different way, not through Nagorny Park and Gulistan, but around the Flame Towers in new neighborhoods.

Residential buildings on Lermontov Street. I wanted to show you that Baku has not only the old city and Soviet houses.

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The Alley of Martyrs, located in the capital of Azerbaijan - the city of Baku, on the territory of the Nagorny Park - is a mass grave in which martyrs, heroes who fought for the independence of the country, victims of the terrible tragedy of Black January and those who died in the battles for Karabakh are buried. Also on the Alley of Martyrs you can see an unmarked grave where parts of the human bodies of unidentified victims are buried.

Previously, on the site of the Alley there was a Muslim cemetery where people who died in 1918 in Baku during the March events were buried. In 1920, the Bolsheviks who came to power decided to destroy this cemetery. They removed buried human bodies from there and created a park here, which they named after S. Kirov.

After the terrible events that occurred on the night of January 19-20, 1990, the bodies of all the killed people (approximately 150 people) were transferred to this created “Upland Park” and buried with full honors. On January 22, another 51 people were buried here. Three of them were victims of the March events of 1918. Their bodies were found in the park during the digging of graves. On these three graves there is an inscription that reads: “Martyrs of 1918.”

Every year on January 20, people from all over Azerbaijan come to the Alley of Martyrs in Baku to honor the memory of the heroes. It is on this day at exactly 12:00 that all enterprises located in the country, as well as transport, suspend their activities. At this time, long sound signals from ships and cars can be heard from everywhere. From the very morning of January 20 of each year, national flags are lowered throughout the country as a sign of mourning.

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I dedicate this post to the memory of all the peaceful people who died as a result of internal conflicts in the countries of the world, which were unleashed by various politicians who wanted to gain power into their own hands or retain it...

Alley of Martyrs

In the history of every country there are dark dates that reverberate with pain in the souls of people. There is such a date in the history of Azerbaijan. This is January 20, 1990. On this day, the USSR government sent its troops into Baku to suppress the “political opposition.” It’s just that those who died in that “suppression” were not militants (what a fashionable word these days), but civilians. Peaceful people died under the tracks of tanks and the fire of machine guns and machine guns... A terrible page in history. With independence, the dead - more than 170 people, mostly civilians (not soldiers!), were buried in Nagorny Park, or Kirov Park (under Soviet rule). And now this place has a new name - ALLEY OF MARTERS.

To be honest, when I first heard the name “Alley of Martyrs,” I was very surprised! How in a developed country with a free attitude towards all religions (despite the fact that the country is Muslim) an entire alley is named after terrorists? But after hearing the history of the emergence of the alley, and then reading the origin of the word “shahid,” I understood everything. How historical reality is distorted in the modern world. Shahid, literally, is a martyr for the faith who died on the battlefield. Later, this word was used to describe all innocent people who died violently. And only now this concept is inextricably linked with suicide bombers. Although many Muslims themselves condemn terrorism.

Shahid Mosque, built before Soviet rule

Central aisle

The Alley of Martyrs is a cemetery that has become a memorial. It is sad, and even creepy, to walk among graves on which the same date of death is stamped. And this did not happen somewhere else, in Africa for example, where wars and bloodshed do not end from time immemorial to the present day, but in our (even if former) large and once peaceful country.

The alley is located on the top of a mountain on the southern side of the coast of Baku Bay. There is a cozy square around the cemetery, which ends with an observation deck, which offers a beautiful view of both the Caspian Sea and sunny Baku. A lot of people come here. And bow to the innocent victims, and enjoy the peace of the park, and admire the panorama of Baku and the Caspian Sea...

Eternal memory to the people - the martyrs, the martyrs of their country!

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Mountain Park - one of the best in Azerbaijan - stretches over the Baku Bay with a bizarre intersection of wide stairs and shady alleys, observation platforms and secluded corners for lovers...

Upland Park was originally called English. The fact is that on the territory of the park there was a burial place of British soldiers who were sent to Baku to overthrow the emperor in 1918. Now only a memorial stone reminds of those events, which you can reach if you turn right from the upper alley of the park. The burials themselves have not survived.

In 1935, large-scale construction of the park began. A monument to Sergei Kirov is being erected, whose name the park will bear for several decades. The builder L. Ilyin wisely used the natural features of the landscape, laying observation platforms on the hills, from where a stunning view of the city opens, and connected them with tennis alleys and intricately winding staircases. Walking through Nagorny Park, each time you discover Baku from different sides.

Be sure to look for a boulder with a rectangular hole in Nagorny Park on the mountainside. It has been here since the nineteenth century and is believed to have healing powers. Women suffering from infertility came to worship the boulder to be cured of their illness. It would be logical to assume that large-scale construction would destroy the boulder, especially since it did not fit into the overall picture of the park. But most magically, the boulder remained in its place.

The main building material when creating the park was Baku limestone. The deliberately rough masonry of the retaining walls contrasts with the smooth stone elements.

In May 1960, a funicular appeared in the park, which takes everyone to one of the observation platforms of the park. Now you can comfortably get to a city landmark in a few minutes, and then go back down the stairs. The funicular begins its route from the monument to Bahram Gyur, and from the sixties to this day there has been a queue of people wanting to take a ride, including both Baku residents and guests of the city.
By the way, Barhram Gyur, the hero of the poem “Seven Beauties” created by Nizami, is in itself a landmark of Baku. The monument was erected in 1958 and symbolizes the victory of the forces of good over the forces of evil.

In the seventies, Nagorny Park enjoyed enormous popularity. There are attractions here and they sell, according to rumors, the most delicious ice cream in the city. In the park you can escape the heat and have a pleasant time in the Druzhba restaurant, located under the observation deck. There is even a library here.

Another attraction of Nagorny Park is the Green Theater. It was built in the early sixties. A panorama of the Baku Bay opened right behind the stage, so the performers at the Green Theater had to fight for the attention of the audience with nature itself. However, other buildings soon blocked the view of the bay. And in the nineties the theater fell into disrepair. It was restored only in 2007, and now in the warm season it is here Both local and international artists perform.

In 1982, the Gulistan Palace appeared in Nagorny Park. It was built by architects Kh. Amirkhanov, N. Gadzhibekov, T. Sharinsky. This project was awarded the state prize of the republic. By the way, it was here, in Gulistan, that the “Contact of the Century” was concluded in 1994, which opened up oil development in independent Azerbaijan for Western oil companies.

In January 1990, Nagorny Park acquired a new status - the bodies of people from Freedom Square (formerly Lenin Square) who died during the tragic events on the night of January 19-20 were transferred here. More than 120 burials were carried out on January 20-21. On January 22, another 50 people were buried. While digging the graves, three bodies and a broken tombstone with the inscription “Shahids of 1918” were discovered. These bodies were also reburied in Nagorny Park. In this regard, attractions and entertainment venues were removed from the park; now it is a place of memory and sorrow, where silence always reigns and an eternal flame burns.

Şəhidlər Xiyabanı – Alley of Martyrs

However, Nagorny Park remained a favorite place for walks for Baku residents. You will meet here loving couples of all ages, modestly sitting on benches or sedately walking arm in arm, mothers with children and grandmothers with dogs. And, of course, the place is always full of tourists with cameras, trying to take the most beautiful shots from numerous angles.